Biomarkers for Assessment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and its Co-Infection with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Viruses: A Comprehensive Review
نویسنده : Mohammad Abdi; Abbas Ahmadi; Aram Mokarizadeh
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/06/22
Recently, prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has dramatically increased
worldwide due to their shared routes of transmission. Compared to the sporadic
infection with HIV, HBV, and HCV, concurrent infection with these agents increases
the complications of these viruses. Furthermore, co-infection may also alter the
therapeutic strategies against HIV. Accordingly, choosing appropriate biomarkers to
detect these co-infections is one of the main concerns in the field of diagnostic
pathology. Up to now, several markers have been introduced for the simultaneous
diagnosis of HIV, HBV, and HCV.
In this regard, serum adenosine deaminase activity (ADA), FibroTests, AST-toPlatelet Ratio Index (APRI), Fibrosis-4, Hyaluronic acid, and micro ribonucleic acids
(MiR) have been investigated as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of HIV-HCV/HBV
co-infections.
This review summarizes diagnostic values of the current and emerging biomarkers in
HIV patients concurrently infected with HBV and HCV.